The Beauty Standards Set For African American Women

The beauty standards set for African American women has shifted drastically in the past decades due to the change in popularized stereotypical images portrayed through the explicit lyrics of hip hop and rap music. How African American women are portrayed in the music industry has had a profound impact on how black women view themselves as well as other races, it promotes unrealistic body sizes/images, and colorism in the black community because of how the new age rap and hip hop stigmatizes and sexualize the Black woman’s body as a whole. Not only are males rap artist contributing to the exploitation of African woman but also the women of rap as well are adding to the derogatory and disrespectful image that is perceived by society. Music has always served as a channel for African American men to eloquent the issues they have living as an oppressed entity. But because of how rap artist portray African American women in their songs and music videos, they have stigmatized black women as non-intelligent sexual entities. In Dionne Stephens’ and April Few’s article, they examine the eight sexual images of African American woman in today’s society which originated from Stephens and Philips study in 2003. The widely accepted images are the â€Å"Diva, the Gold digger, the Freak, the Dyke, the Gangster Bitch, the Sister Savior, the Earth Mother, and the Baby Mama† and they are portrayed in the hip hop music industry and culture. (Stephens and Few) These categories that society places theShow MoreRelatedBody Image : The African American Culture1667 Words   |  7 PagesImage in the African American Culture Today we live in a society that over the years has become so obsessed with body image and how an individual should look. Different cultures have different standards and norms that help to define their ideal body image. African Americans because of their differences in culture have gone against most cultural norms and have set their own definitions of beauty, body image, and body satisfaction. Because of these key differences, the African American communityRead MoreAfrican American Women s Assimilation Into White Culture770 Words   |  4 Pagesinternal thought to African-Americans, especially African-American women, audience about why African-American hated themselves and wanted to be white. This self-hatred and desire to be white stems from the pressure to absorb and assimilate to white culture, which calls for African-American women to deny their race completely. This is perpetuated by which is proliferated practices and rhetoric that suggest that being African-American is equ ated to being inferior. Thus African-American women have sustainedRead MoreThe Beauty Standards Of America1099 Words   |  5 PagesCommon standards set by society are deemed as appropriate for all people no matter what race. 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A darker figure occupies the centerRead More Morrisons Bluest Eye Essay: The American Way1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe Bluest Eye: The American Way  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Ownership, class structures, and consumerism go hand in hand. Morrison illustrates this throughout the novel and in the characters identities. Many of the characters identify themselves based on material possessions: the simple ownership of a car, the use of consumer products, and property ownership. Although African Americans may take these things for granted now, in the early 1900s this would be considered a major accomplishment. There isRead MoreWoman Is The Nigger Of The Wolrd: The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison934 Words   |  4 Pagesa species. ‘The total absence of human recognition† (Morrison, 36). For decades, African-Americans have not only been looked down upon by white people, they have been dehumanized. Toni Morrison is controversial for pillorying this topic, that has been silenced by white society for years, not from the ‘Master Narrative’ perspective, that is the white male one’s, but from the exact opposite of this: an African-American girl. By doing this, she does not only awake pity for Pecola at the reader but alsoRead MoreEssay on Image of African American Women845 Words   |  4 PagesImage of African American Women Despite the strong presence of the beautiful, powerful, black women in the media, such as Michelle Obama, Oprah Winfrey, and Beyoncà © Knowles, African American females have been deemed unattractive in society’s eyes. These notions did not develop overnight, but remain as obstacles birthed from slavery. These stereotypes keep the black female incarcerated under the belief that they are not beautiful. However, black women have fought and are fighting these harmful perceptions

The Pearl Novel Data Sheet - 1559 Words

Greer Sullivan 12-9-14 2 ° The Pearl Novel Data Sheet Author: John Steinbeck Date Published: 1945 Type of Novel: Historical Fiction, Novella Background on History: Steinbeck was inspired to write this novella based off a Mexican folktale that he heard when he visited the country in the early 1940’s. The story was called the Legend of Mechudo. Mechudo was a pearl diver in La Paz and he and his team went out into the bay in order to search for pearls. He was the first diver to dive and he returned from the dive extremely excited because he had found a giant oyster and he dove in again because he was unable to grab the pearl initially. After many minutes, the members of his team began to worry because he had no type of compressed air. They sent in man after man until only a few men remained in the boat. Fearful, the men dropped into the water as a group and saw Mechudo with one arm clamped by a giant oyster and the other searching for a hold. They also saw the bodies of their other team members floating away. One week later, only one member returned with the horrific story of Mechudo’s greed and the death of his team. After the story of the giant oyster became popular, another team set out to seek the prize but only one would return with stories about the death of his team members at the hands of Mechudo. Brief Summary of Novel: In the Mexican village of La PAz, Kino and his wife, Juana, wake up and soon find that a scorpion has stung their young son, Coyotito. They setShow MoreRelatedMaggot Therapy5739 Words   |  23 Pagesconsider MDT as a practical solution for many nonhealing wounds. In this article I examine the basis for the current maggot therapy renaissance. Those that did not have their own supply could order Surgical MaggotsTM from Lederle Laboratories (Pearl River, NY). 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The Industrial Experience Kuwait Oil

Question: Discuss about the Industrial Experience Kuwait OilCompany. Answer: Introduction The corrosion is one of the main first process, which is able to determine the risk which a plant possesses. In addition, corrosion management is defined as part of the overall management system, which is concerned with the development, implementation, review and maintenance of the corrosion policy (Kastner, 2000). Nevertheless, the identification of the internal management is key to ensure that the dangers of sudden failure are not experienced at any given moment during operation. The internal corrosion management plan is composed of a series of elements, which are implemented to ensure effectiveness and consistency as well as communication of the management processes. The key elements, which were focused during the three months of placement, include the management policy of the company, the strategy and the objectives of the plan. The plan was the key element, which the company was focused to ensure that the structures did not have threatening corrosion in the internal failures. As it can be noted, the internal corrosion weaknesses are much severe and can lead to instant failure of the systems that can be catastrophic. This report will focus on the experience, which I was able to gain through the placement and the main areas which I focused on. In addition, within the period, I was placed in the analysis of the available design and provision of relevant information which can help on the improvement of the corrosion management. The main focus of the internal corrosion management was learnt to lead to the reduction of the leaks and the deferment costs, reduction of the unplanned maintenance costs and increasing of the plants availability. The next area will focus on the placement experience which I was able to gain through the placement and their advantages in my engineering career. Company profile Kuwait Oil Company is an oil company, which is based in Ahmadi in Kuwait and was founded in 1934 by the partnership between Anglo-Persian Oil Company and Gulf Oil. This company is a subsidiary company of the Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, which is state owned corporation and this means that KOC has government ownership as well. Being among the top 10 leading petroleum producers in the world, the attachment in this company was one of the major success to ensure that I was able to learn more about the safety from the corrosion issues. With the different internal strategies, the incorporation of internal management methods is key to ensure that the safety and failure of systems are avoided due to the corrosion failure. The placement on the company was a placed for 3 month period, which started from the 27th of November and finished on the 16th of February (Kastner, 2000). During this time, the main focus was laid on the internal corrosion management plan, (ICMP) for the company. KOC was able to offer great experience on this topic and therefore enhancing my engineering career and perspective on the internal corrosion security issues (Al-Shamari, 2012). Moreover, the fact that the company has had several cases, which has called for this plan to be implemented, offered a great opportunity for learning on different issues, which will help the growth of the security measures of the company. In addition, this organization was able to offer the opportunity to help the gaining of the proper experience which will show the proper management of the security issues of the organization. Literature According to the Kuwait legislation, the presence of a corrosion management system is key for any company operating in the oil and gas sector. The requirement for the internal corrosion management plan is as well a key factor which aims to ensure the systems are free from failure at any given time. In addition, this plan also provides the provision time for analysis of any failure occurrence and ensures that proper measurements are taken. The first week in the placement involved familiarization with the system and the infrastructure available, which is prone to corrosion. Through this, I was able to learn about the internal external corrosion management plans which the company was implementing. On this week, the introduction involves the look on the strategic security of the systems, which may lead to the failure due to the corrosion issue. The plan was tabled to ensure that all the employees are able to analyze the manner of the failure, which they can happen (Watson, Peet, Jone and Pearce, October 2002). The flow, deposits, internal stresses and Microbiological influenced corrosion (MIC) are identified as the main causes of failure which can be found on the internal systems of the structures of the company. These systems were therefore analyzed to ensure that the corrosions due to these measures are minimized through a proper mechanism and plan which is achievable in the plan. The plan at the end involves the failur e test where the internal systems are subjected to stress analysis to ensure that the corrosion has not caused any further weaknesses on the internal parts, which may lead to the failure. Estimation of corrosion growth rates There is a great need to have the correct manner to estimate the internal corrosions in the system and the company, Kuwait Oil Company had a plan which could analyze the availability of these cracks and ensure that the failure and accidents are minimized. The second week of the placed, I was directed on the analysis of the growth of cracks on the systems and ensure that counter measures are taken early in advance and ensure that accidents are prevented. Through this placement, I was able to learn few things that were key to ensure security of the system and the infrastructure. The key message on the estimation of the growth of the corrosion growth rates was meant to ensure that enough time was allocated to curb accidents, which may happen due to the internal corrosion. This was meant to ensure that the operators were able to identify any signs of internal corrosions and weaknesses within the system. This helps the operators to be able to operate the system in a proper manner. In this week, I was able to analyze the different ways to estimate the different ways and plans to identify the growth of the internal corrosion areas. In addition, this plan was also looking at the comparison of the different sizes of the corrosion areas and be able to form the repair plans. The plans in this area involved the analysis of the corrosion areas, which can be identified in the system (Kastner, 2000). The plan ensures that the areas of weaknesses can be identified in promoting proper system, which is able to ensure transmission of the oil. Through the week, I was able to enhance the promotion of the proper system which is able to ensure the efficiency of oil transmission. In addition, the system plan was able meant to ensure that the identification of the areas of weaknesses is taken care of before any area is able to perfectly determine their location. Through this, a model had to be provided to ensure that they are able to identify the failure system and thus predict the availability of the corrosion areas (Lumsden 2002 IEEE, 2002). The assessments of the defects within the systems are key to ensure that the areas of low weaknesses due to the internal corrosion can be identified. The model ensures that the identification of the internal corrosion is identified. Moreover, the different areas are able to get proper details, which can help to prevent the failure of the systems at any given time. Internal communication The internal communication is another key strategy, which ensures that the internal corrosion system is able to identify the locations of through the system in the CMS. This communicant system is able to raise the awareness of the operators in order to curb the internal corrosion areas and ensure perfect running of the systems. The internal communication involves the roles, authorities and responsibilities of different individuals when it comes into the internal corrosion management. In the system and the plan, the different individuals are allocated different duties and mandates to play in order to identify and analyze the areas of weaknesses due to the internal corrosion. Moreover, the fourth week was able to involve the analysis of the different duties which are allocated to the different personnel and look at their effectiveness in identification of the internal corrosions (Watson, Peet, Jone and Pearce, October 2002). Through this placement, I was able to learn the different rol es of the management team to play in the identification of internal corrosion. The plan where the management has a role to identify the areas of corrosion helps to identify and offer perfect times for the repairs of the areas. In addition, the internal communication plan involves a plan of the best practices of the best communication system to ensure that the shortest time is taken to resolve urgent issues concerning the internal corrosion. In this view, the different stakeholders were taught on the way to pass the information, which is urgent concerning the corrosion areas. In this section, I was able to learn on the way to provide the shortest time to handle certain matters which involve the security of the system. In addition, this ensured that I was involved on the decision-making on what action was perfect to handle the different actions to enhance the security of the system. This ensured that the promotion of my career concerning the security issues of the infrastructure. The internal communication system is a plan which ensures that the different personnel are able to learn on the handling the different issues concerning the internal corrosion management. The internal communication plan was a key area which I was able to learn a couple of lesson in furthering my career. The allocation of the different duties and the proper management of systems were key areas which this plan had and led to gaining of great experience in the internal corrosion management (Kastner, 2000). The week was able to offer the experience which had to show the different people involved and the rate at which they can operate to ensure that the system is working in order. In addition, the key areas in this plan helped to identify and separate the jobs at which the different individuals would take and ensure that the operation of the company is smooth. This was able to help me to identify what other peoples role have in the identification of the internal corrosion areas and the channel, which they can use to ensure that the problem is resolved. Ibn addition, this plan was able to come up with the different resolution options and the order in which they can be used to resolve the problems. This was a great experience to ensure growth of the corrosions areas. Lastly, this was a great learning process to ensure that I was able to identify the channel of resolving these problems in the company. Risk management The main idea of identification of the internal corrosion is to ensure that risks are minimal as much as possible. The risk management plan for the internal corrosion management is defined as the process through which the coordination of the direct activities and control the internal corrosion movement plan. This plan had to identify the level of risk at the different systems and therefore come up with another plan to resolve the problem. The final plan in the risk management must include the specific task and actions, which are required to be taken by different individuals to control the internal corrosion management. In addition, the plan on the risk management for the Kuwait Oil Company involved the control of the cost factors and the risks as well as the performance for the assets at different portions (Watson, Peet, Jone and Pearce, October 2002). This plan also helped in the create a proactive system and ensure that there is a proper timing to ensure correct reaction time for s olving different plans. The risk management also ensured that the different risks were classified at the available categories and ensure that their proper mechanisms to prevent any failure of the system. Monitoring system was provided in this plan in order to ensure that the time for solving the problems in the internal corrosion systems. Kuwait Oil Company was able to develop a great plan for the risk management to ensure that they do not fall on the trap of common and obvious accidents, which occur due to the corrosion issues. In this section, I was able to gain experience that the risk factor was able to help the groups come up with proper solutions. Through the time, I was able to gain the experience in coming up with a plan which requires minimum and qualified personnel within the system. This was able to offer proper management and ensure the integrity of the system and therefore able to resolve the problems within the Kuwait Oil Company. The integrity of the system is a key factor, which I was able to learn through the week of attachment. The experience in this area was able to ensure that the different options to solve the internal corrosion management within the system. the risk management was able to identify the proper communication system and ensure that any problem is counter within the required timeline. Conclusion The Kuwait Oil Company is an oil company with within its system is able to face the problem of internal corrosion. This means that here is need to have the plan to resolve these problems at any given time and therefore come with the system, which is able to operate the system. Risk management, internal communication, and management techniques to ensure that they are able to resolve these problems. Through the entire period, I was able to learn different aspects which could promote smooth running of the systems. The experience at these parts were able to help me in decision-making and able to lead the identification and growth of the corrosion areas within the systems. Recommendation One of the major recommendation for the Kuwait Oil Company to implement is to have a proper computer model which will ensure that they are able to identify the areas of corrosion at he correct time. The computer model will help to analyze the areas which have reduced in their width and therefore able to resolve it on time. References Lumsden, J. M., 2002 IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings. (January 01, 2002). Operations safety risk management: Managing integration and test safety risk. 2, 2. Kastner,W (2000) "Critical Crack Sizes in Ductile Piping", Int J Press Vessel and Piping, 9. Anon, "PROBAN", (April 1995), General Purpose Probabilistic Analysis Program, Veritas Sesam System, Version 3.1-02. Watson D J, Peet, S Jone D G, Pearce, J (October 2002) "Ensuring the Integrity of BP AMOCO Forties Delta to Forties Charlie Crude Oil Pipeline", I Mech E Conference, "Aging Pipelines", 11-13, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.

Porters 5 Forces of Ryanair free essay sample

Before the idea of Ryanair or indeed any low cost carrier was even devised the European airways industry was, as already illustrated, highly regulated. Therefore post 1992 and deregulation, great changes came about. By identifying with Porter’s â€Å"five forces,† one is able to ascertain what this meant for Ryanair within the European air transport market. These five factors are threat of entry, competitive rivalry, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers and the threat of substitutes. Threat of Entry Threat of entry analyses the threat that new entrants may enter the industry and diminish the returns of established companies. In the case of Ryanair a strong brand identity built up over the period since deregulation has meant that any potential new entrants would have to outlay quite an amount of money in terms of sunk costs in advertising to compete on a level playing field. Allied with this, direct bookings on the Ryanair website has meant that there have been savings in the region of 42. 6% in marketing and distribution costs. Competitive Rivalry The cost of increased competition can be quite high with customers benefiting from price wars between rival airlines. This is why Ryanair has an advantage over other airlines because their policy of bundling low frills and low prices together means that they are competing for the more price sensitive customer. Demand for short haul flights around Europe is ever expanding. It is however vital that Ryanair were among the first movers because many ‘copycat’ airlines have tried to follow suit. Davy (2003) believes that there are only two pan-European low cost operators where first mover advantage and scale and cost efficiencies gave the two largest players, Ryanair and Easyjet, a significant advantage. In fact, since deregulation, of the 80 low cost operators that had begun operations, 60 had gone bankrupt (Lee, 2000). Michael O’Leary is so confident that this particular aspect of Porter’s 5 forces is almost inconsequential for Ryanair that he has said â€Å"at the lower end of the market Easyjet and Go don’t really compete with Ryanair. Having said this, the threat of competitive rivalry is important for the industry because fierce competition can lead to a decline in sales. Bargaining Power of Suppliers At a very basic level the airline industry suppliers are limited in two areas: actual purchase of planes and the supply of fuel. Ryanair has a very healthy relationship with the main aeroplane supplier, Boeing. With the downturn in the economy airlin es were putting their purchasing on hold. Not Ryanair however, as O’Leary saw this as the perfect opportunity to buy. In addition to the 2002 contract with Boeing where they will supply up to 150 737-800 type aircraft for Ryanair, they are also required to provide various ancillary goods and services to Ryanair. These include technical support and training, spare parts support, training of the flight crews, software and field services engineering. On writing this essay, it was made public that Ryanair has ordered an additional 100 new Boeing 737-800’s to facilitate Ryanair’s rapid European growth plans. On the same day as this news was made public, Ryanair opened up four new destinations in Europe, bought the airline Buzz and had thousands of seats on sale for 1 Euro. Ryanair also has also increased its option orders by 78 to 125. This will, over the next eight years, give Ryanair a fleet of 250 Boeing 737-800’s, making it the youngest carrier in Europe and the second largest worldwide behind Southwest in the U. S. In terms of the fuel price there is very little that Ryanair can do, because the price of fuel is governed by world trade and the Middle Eastern countries have market dominance. Bargaining Power of Buyers There are many determinants to the power possessed by buyers in the airline industry. These include the standardization of the product, elasticity of demand, brand identity and the quality of the service. In this respect buyer power in the European airline industry in quite strong because switching costs are very small. For low cost carriers, the switching costs may be found by simply clicking on a rival’s website. The fact that most low cost carriers sell their seat via the internet means that any price discrepancies can be found very easily. This means that Ryanair have to keep their prices competitive in relation to the industry level. The Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes to the airline industry comes in three main forms. These are road, rail and to a lesser extent the boat service. Of these, rail would seem to offer the greatest threat because, certainly around Europe, it offers an excellent continental service around the major cities that Ryanair fly to. Rail travel has several advantages over air in terms of the fact that they can be more localised and more accessible but one must endure a longer journey also. Ryanair can offer a faster journey at prices that can often be far cheaper. As an example, a return ticket from Frankfurt to Amsterdam costs between 121. 20 Euros and 175. 60 Euros. This compares with Ryanair’s average fare of less than 50 Euros (Davy, 2003). In fact, there is even the perception that there is much greater penetration of fast trains in the EU than in the like of the US, and that this is a limiting factor on demand. However, trains in continental Europe are very expensive, which is reflected in the fact that Europeans think nothing of driving from one country to another to make a saving. Car travel offers similar advantages to that of the railways but Ryanair will always be able to boast shorter journey with less hassles. Another, less obvious threat comes in the form of global communications. As technology develops there may be less of a need to actually meet with people as business meetings could take place via video conferencing. Although, relatively speaking, this is not very prevalent at the moment, there may be less of a need to physically meet up with associates in the future.